ICT Use as a Determinant of Knowledge Management Effectiveness in Higher Educational Institutions in Tanzania

A Systematic Review

Abstract

The integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in higher education is increasingly recognised as a critical factor influencing knowledge management (KM) effectiveness. This systematic review examines stakeholder perceptions of ICT use and its impact on KM practices within higher education institutions (HEIs), with a particular emphasis on the Tanzanian context. A comprehensive analysis of 25 empirical studies published between 2010 and 2025 was conducted. Findings reveal that stakeholders widely view ICT as a key enabler of KM effectiveness by enhancing knowledge sharing, collaboration, and access to information. However, persistent barriers -such as disparities in ICT access, limited training, and resistance to change-continue to hinder effective ICT integration. The review further highlights the significant roles of organisational support, cultural attitudes, and human resource factors in shaping stakeholder perceptions and ICT adoption. These insights provide practical guidance for policymakers, institutional leaders, and researchers to develop inclusive, context-sensitive ICT strategies that improve KM outcomes in higher education.